India’s tribal population has long faced social, economic, and educational vulnerabilities. To address these challenges, the Union Cabinet approved the Pradhan Mantri Janjati Adivasi Nyaya Maha Abhiyan (PM JANMAN) in November 2023. This initiative, with a total outlay of Rs.24,104 crore, aims to focus on 11 critical interventions through 9 line Ministries from FY 2023-24 to 2025-26.
Pradhan Mantri Janjati Adivasi Nyaya Maha Abhiyan (PM JANMAN)
PM JANMAN, comprising Central Sector and Centrally Sponsored Schemes, aims to uplift the socio-economic conditions of Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs). These groups, numbering 75 and located in 18 States and the Union Territory of Andaman and Nicobar Islands, face significant vulnerabilities.
Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) in India
As per the 2011 census, India’s Scheduled Tribe (ST) population stands at 10.45 crore. Among them, 75 communities are categorized as PVTGs, facing challenges in social, economic, and educational spheres.
Pradhan Mantri PVTG of Development Mission
To improve the lives of PVTGs, the government announced the Pradhan Mantri PVTG of Development Mission. This mission aims to provide basic facilities such as housing, clean drinking water, sanitation, education, health, nutrition, road and telecom connectivity, and livelihood opportunities. An allocation of Rs.15,000 crore has been made for the next three years under the Development Action Plan for the Scheduled Tribes (DAPST).
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Critical Interventions of PM-JANMAN
PM-JANMAN focuses on 11 critical interventions through 9 Ministries. These include providing pucca houses, connecting roads, piped water supply, mobile medical units, hostels, vocational education, Anganwadi Centers, Multipurpose Centers, energization of households, solar off-grid systems, solar lighting, setting up of VDVKs, and installation of mobile towers.
Table: Critical Interventions of PM-JANMAN
| S.No. | Activity | No. of Beneficiary / Targets | Cost norms |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Provision of pucca houses | 4.90 lakh | Rs 2.39 lakhs /house |
| 2 | Connecting roads | 8000 KM | Rs 1.00 Cr/Km |
| 3a | Piped Water Supply | All PVTG habitations | As per schematic norms |
| 3b | Community water supply | 2500 Villages/ habitations | As per actual cost arrived |
| 4 | Mobile Medical Units with medicine cost | 1000 (10/district) | Rs 33.88 lakhs/MMU |
| 5a | Construction of hostels | 500 | Rs 2.75 Cr/hostel |
| 5b | Vocational education & skilling | 60 Aspirational PVTG blocks | Rs 50 lakhs/block |
| 6 | Construction of Anganwadi Centers | 2500 | Rs 12 lakhs/AWC |
| 7 | Construction of Multipurpose Centers | 1000 | Rs 60 lakhs/MPC |
| 8a | Energization of HHs (Last mile connectivity) | 57000 HHs | Rs 22,500/HH |
| 8b | Provision of 0.3 KW solar off-grid system | 100000 HHs | Rs 50,000/HH or as per actual cost |
| 9 | Solar lighting in streets & MPCs | 1500 units | Rs 1,00,000/unit |
| 10 | Setting up of VDVKs | 500 | Rs 15 lakhs/VDVK |
| 11 | Installation of mobile towers | 3000 villages | As per schematic norms cost |
Other Interventions by Different Ministries
In addition to the above interventions, other Ministries will also contribute to the mission. The Ministry of Ayush will set up Ayush Wellness Centres and extend Ayush facilities through Mobile Medical Units. The Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship will facilitate skill and vocational training in PVTG habitations, Multipurpose Centres, and hostels.
Conclusion
The Pradhan Mantri Janjati Adivasi Nyaya Maha Abhiyan (PM JANMAN) and the Pradhan Mantri PVTG of Development Mission mark significant efforts by the government to uplift the socio-economic conditions of Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) in India. These initiatives aim to address the various challenges faced by these communities and provide them with the necessary support for a better future.
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FAQs
1. What is the objective of PM JANMAN?
- PM JANMAN aims to uplift the socio-economic conditions of Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) in India through various interventions.
2. How many PVTGs are there in India?
- There are 75 communities categorized as Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) in India.
3. What is the budget allocation for the Pradhan Mantri PVTG of Development Mission?
- An amount of Rs.15,000 crore has been allocated for the next three years under the Development Action Plan for the Scheduled Tribes (DAPST).
4. What are some of the critical interventions of PM-JANMAN?
- Some critical interventions include providing pucca houses, connecting roads, piped water supply, mobile medical units, hostels, vocational education, and more.
5. How will the Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship contribute to the mission?
- The Ministry will facilitate skill and vocational training in PVTG habitations, Multipurpose Centres, and hostels as per the suitable skills of these communities.
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